In today's rapidly evolving technological landscape, honing STEM proficiency is paramount to ensuring a future-ready workforce. As industries continue to adopt automation and progress, the demand for skilled individuals with expertise in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics is surging. To thrive in this dynamic environment, educational

Thomson's Plum Pudding model, while groundbreaking for its time, faced several criticisms as scientists developed a deeper understanding of atomic structure. One major limitation was its inability to describe the results of Rutherford's gold foil experiment. The model assumed that alpha particles would traverse through the plum pudding with minimal